Israel and Hamas Reach Ceasefire Agreement and Hostage Release Deal
A ceasefire agreement has been reached between Israel and Hamas after 15 months of ongoing warfare. The deal also includes provisions for the release of hostages.
Background of the Current Conflict:
On October 7, 2023, Hamas launched an attack on Israel as part of Operation Al-Aqsa Storm, coinciding with the 50th anniversary of the Yom Kippur War. This attack prompted Israel to declare war on Hamas, leading to subsequent military operations in Gaza.
Historical Context of the Conflict:
The Splitting of Palestine: The roots of the conflict can be traced back to the division of Palestinian territory and the recognition of Israel by Arab states. During WWII, a large number of Jews migrated to Palestine, seeking statehood. In 1947, the United Nations proposed a partition of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, which led to four major wars between Arabs and Israel:
- Jews accepted the UN partition plan and declared Israel’s independence in 1948.
- Arabs rejected the plan, resulting in multiple wars.
The 1978 Camp David Accords and Recognition of Israel: The Yom Kippur or Ramadan War of 1973, the fourth Arab-Israeli war, was fought between Israel and Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria. This conflict led to the Camp David Accords in 1978, which marked the first Arab country, Egypt, recognizing Israel as a state in exchange for Israel returning the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.
The 1993 Oslo Accords and Hamas’ Opposition: Hamas opposes the 1993 Oslo Peace Accords, under which the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) formally recognized Israel, and Israel allowed Palestinians limited self-governance in Gaza and the West Bank. The PLO, founded in 1964, is recognized as a non-member state at the UN. Hamas, a militant organization, controls the Gaza Strip and does not recognize Israel’s statehood.
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