Lokpal of India Celebrates First Foundation Day on January 16
The event commemorated the establishment of the Lokpal on January 16, 2014, following the enactment of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.
About Lokpal and Lokayukta:
The idea of the Lokpal was first introduced in the Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) report of 1966. The 2013 Act established the Lokpal at the Union level and the Lokayukta at the state level to ensure accountability and combat corruption in public offices. The concept of an ombudsman itself originated in Sweden in the 19th century.
Key Provisions Related to Lokpal:
Composition and Members: The Lokpal is appointed by the President of India and includes a Chairperson (either the Chief Justice of India, a Supreme Court judge, or an eminent person) and up to 8 members, with 50% being judicial and the other 50% representing SC/ST/OBC/minorities/women.
Selection Committee: The committee responsible for selecting members includes the Prime Minister (Chairman), Lok Sabha Speaker, Opposition Leader, Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court Judge, and an eminent jurist.
Tenure: Members serve for 5 years or until they reach 70 years of age.
Jurisdiction: The Lokpal covers the Prime Minister (with certain safeguards), Ministers, Members of Parliament, Group A/B/C/D officers, and officials from central government-funded entities. It investigates corruption complaints, including those referred by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) or whistleblowers.
Prosecution Wing: The Lokpal has the authority to establish its own prosecution wing.
Timeline for Cases: A preliminary inquiry must be completed within 90 days, and an investigation must be concluded within 6 months, with an option for extension.
Challenges and Issues with Lokpal:
Some key challenges faced by the Lokpal include the seven-year limit on accepting complaints (complaints older than seven years are not entertained), delayed appointments, and the rejection of nearly 90% of complaints in the past five years due to issues with their format.
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