Union Government Releases Report on Status of Devolution to Panchayats
The report titled ‘Status of Devolution to Panchayats in States – An Indicative Evidence-Based Ranking’ offers a comprehensive analysis of how effectively Panchayats are fulfilling their constitutional responsibilities under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.
Key Highlights of the Report
- Panchayat Devolution Index: The report ranks States and Union Territories based on six dimensions of devolution: Framework, Functions, Finances, Functionaries, Capacity Enhancement, and Accountability.
- Progress in Devolution: Devolution has improved from 39.9% in 2013-14 to 43.9% in 2021-22.
- Top Performing States: Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu lead in devolution.
- Capacity Enhancement: Capacity building has risen from 44% to 54.6%, thanks to initiatives like the Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA).
Key Challenges in Effective Devolution
- Election Management: The State Election Commissions (SECs) often need to consult with state governments on election dates, which can cause delays or potential political interference.
- District Planning Committees: Although District Planning Committees (required by Article 243 ZD) have been formed in nearly all States, detailed planning at the grassroots level remains absent.
- Non-centrality of Panchayats: The presence of parallel bodies with overlapping functions in the areas assigned to Panchayats undermines their constitutional role.
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