Trends in International Arms Transfers

 Preventive Detention

The Supreme Court recently annulled a preventive detention order issued by Nagaland's Home Department, emphasizing that authorities must independently evaluate the necessity for detention.

About Preventive Detention (PD): Preventive detention involves imprisoning an individual without trial, based on a reasonable belief that their actions may disrupt public order.

• Parliament has exclusive power to enact laws on preventive detention concerning defense, foreign affairs, and national security.
• Both Parliament and state legislatures can legislate on matters related to state security and public order.

Constitutional Provisions:

• Article 22(3): This allows authorities to detain individuals for preventive reasons, such as maintaining public order or national security.
• Article 22(4): Preventive detention cannot exceed three months unless an Advisory Board justifies an extension.

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Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2024

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) has published new data showing significant changes in global arms transfers between 2020 and 2024. SIPRI is an independent international organization focused on research in conflict, armaments, arms control, and disarmament.

Key Findings:

• Ukraine’s arms imports skyrocketed nearly 100-fold, making it the world’s largest importer of arms from 2020 to 2024.
• The U.S. increased its share of global arms exports to 43%.
• Russia’s arms exports dropped by 64%, relegating it to third place, behind France.

India:

• India has become the second-largest arms importer, overtaken by Ukraine.
• Arms imports fell by 9.3% between 2015–19 and 2020–24, attributed to growth in domestic production.
• While Russia remains a key supplier, India is diversifying its sources, including France, Israel, and the U.S.

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