External Affairs Minister (EAM) Highlights Plurilateralism as a Solution for a Strained International Order
During the G20 session on the "Global Geopolitical Situation," the External Affairs Minister (EAM) criticized the inefficiency of multilateralism and underscored the importance of plurilateralism as a means of fostering inclusive, transparent global cooperation to address the growing global trust deficit.
About Plurilateralism
Definition: Plurilateralism refers to a governance approach where a subset of countries within a broader multilateral framework come together to negotiate agreements on specific issues.
Plurilateralism vs. Multilateralism
While multilateralism involves agreements among all or most members of the international community (e.g., WTO, UN treaties), plurilateralism is more agile and focused, making it a more targeted approach in contrast to the often slow and consensus-driven process of multilateralism.
Reasons for the Rise of Plurilateralism
Faster Decision-Making: Plurilateralism bypasses delays typically caused by broad multilateral negotiations. For example, the Multi-party Interim Appeal Arrangement (MPIA) was created to address the dysfunction of the WTO's Appellate Body.
Focus on Specific Issues: Plurilateral agreements allow for targeted collaboration on key concerns. For instance, the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP), led by the U.S., aims to secure critical mineral supply chains and reduce dependence on China.
Bypassing Multilateral Deadlocks: Plurilateralism offers a way to overcome the stalemates often encountered in global institutions, such as the failure of the WTO Doha Round leading to the rise of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs).
Strategic Alliances and Geopolitical Shifts: Countries are increasingly forming strategic alliances through plurilateral agreements to enhance cooperation in areas like trade, technology, and security. A prime example is AUKUS, a trilateral security pact.
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