India has become the second-largest producer of fish globally. In 2013-14, the country's fish production stood at 95.7 lakh tons, which has nearly doubled to over 184 lakh tons annually in 2023-24.
India’s Role in the Global Fisheries Sector:
- India ranks as the second-largest fish-producing nation, accounting for about 8% of global fish production.
- Major fish-producing states include Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, and Karnataka.
- Inland fisheries contribute over 75% of the total fisheries output.
- Globally, India holds the second position in aquaculture production, leads in shrimp production, and ranks third in capture fisheries production.
Challenges in the Fisheries Sector:
- Environmental: Issues like plastic pollution, carbon emissions from traditional fishing methods, and water pollution.
- Economic: The sector is largely unorganized, consisting of small-scale and artisanal fishers, with infrastructural gaps, high transportation, and marketing costs.
- Other Issues: Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, along with the impacts of climate change on fish stocks.
Initiatives Taken:
- Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY): Focuses on enhancing aquaculture productivity, improving fisheries management, and setting up integrated aquaparks.
- Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY): A sub-scheme aimed at addressing sectoral weaknesses through financial and technological support.
- Blue Revolution Scheme: Promotes an integrated approach for the development and management of both marine and inland fisheries.
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF): Provides funding for infrastructure development in marine and inland fisheries.
- National Marine Fisheries Policy 2017: Guides the conservation and management of India’s marine fishery resources.
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