Mathikettan Shola National Park and Golden-headed Cisticola
Mathikettan Shola National Park
- Location: Idukki, Kerala
- Declared as a National Park: 2003, recognized for its unique shola forest and elephant corridor
- Vegetation: The park features evergreen forests, moist deciduous forests, and shola grasslands.
- Shola Grasslands: These are unique high-altitude ecosystems in the Western Ghats, characterized by a blend of stunted forests (sholas) and grasslands.
- Biodiversity: The park is home to the endangered lion-tailed macaque, as well as species like the Gaur, wild boar, sambar, and langur.
- Water Sources: The park is fed by tributaries such as Uchillkuthi Puzha, Mathikettan Puzha, and Njandar, which are part of the Panniyar river system.
- Cultural Significance: The Muthavan tribal colony is located at Aduvilanthankudy near the park.
Tonnage Tax Scheme Expansion in Budget 2025-26
The Union Budget 2025-26 has expanded the tonnage tax scheme, which was previously limited to sea-going ships. It is now extended to inland vessels registered under the Indian Vessels Act, 2021, to promote water transport.
Inland Vessels Act, 2021:
- This Act aims to promote safe, efficient, and economical inland water transport, standardizing vessel procedures and legal frameworks.
- Ministry: Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (formerly the Ministry of Shipping).
- Genesis: The Tonnage Tax Scheme was introduced in 2004 under the Indian Finance Act.
- Significance: The expansion of this scheme is designed to encourage more cargo movement and further incentivize shipping companies to invest in inland waterway vessels.
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